Sensory Processing Disorder: What Every Parent Should Know

Introduction

Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) affects how children respond to sensory information. Understanding SPD and how to manage it can greatly improve a child's daily experiences and development. This post covers essential information about SPD, how to recognize it, and offers practical management tips for parents.

Understanding Sensory Processing Disorder

SPD occurs when the brain has difficulty receiving and responding to sensory information. Symptoms vary but often include:

1. Over-responsivity: Extreme reactions to sensory input (e.g., loud noises, bright lights). Children may cover their ears, hide, or become distressed.
2. Under-responsivity: Lack of reaction to sensory input (e.g., not noticing pain or temperature changes). They might seem unaware of their surroundings or seek out intense sensory experiences.
3. Sensory Seeking: Craving intense sensory experiences (e.g., spinning, crashing into things). These children may engage in risky behaviors to fulfill their sensory needs.

Detailed Symptoms

• Tactile Sensitivity: Discomfort with certain textures or types of clothing. Children might refuse to wear certain fabrics or become distressed during grooming activities.
• Auditory Sensitivity: Overwhelmed by loud or unexpected noises. They may cover their ears or become anxious in noisy environments.
• Visual Sensitivity: Distress with bright lights or busy visual environments. They might squint, cover their eyes, or become irritable.

Strategies for Managing SPD

1. Create a Sensory-Friendly Environment: Reduce sensory overload by controlling noise levels, lighting, and visual stimuli. Use noise-canceling headphones, blackout curtains, or soft lighting to create a calming space.
2. Use Sensory Tools: Items like weighted blankets, fidget toys, and noise-canceling headphones can help manage sensory needs. Sensory bins filled with different textures can provide calming or stimulating experiences.
3. Structured Sensory Activities: Activities like swinging, jumping, or playing with sensory bins can provide necessary sensory input in a controlled way. Incorporate these activities into daily routines to help regulate sensory needs.

Practical Tips for Daily Life

• Routine Sensory Breaks: Schedule regular breaks throughout the day for sensory activities.
• Visual Schedules: Use visual aids to outline daily routines and prepare children for transitions.
• Consistent Routines: Predictable routines help reduce anxiety and improve coping skills.

Professional Help and Resources

1. Occupational Therapy: Therapists can develop personalized sensory diets and strategies. They can also provide guidance on creating a sensory-friendly home environment.
2. Support Networks: SPD Foundation, local SPD support groups. Connecting with other parents and caregivers can provide emotional support and practical advice.
3. Educational Materials: Books like “The Out-of-Sync Child” by Carol Kranowitz.

Working with Professionals

• Collaborative Approach: Work closely with occupational therapists, teachers, and other professionals to develop a comprehensive support plan.
• Regular Assessments: Regularly evaluate and adjust strategies based on your child’s progress and changing needs.

Conclusion

Understanding and managing SPD requires patience and adaptation. With the right strategies and support, children with SPD can thrive in their daily lives. Parents play a crucial role in providing a supportive environment and advocating for their child’s needs.